---
title: Debian 13
description: Step-by-step guide to install Debian 13 on a home server and set up SSH access, essential packages, and a ready-to-use base system.
---


:ellipsis{left=0px width=40rem top=10rem blur=140px zIndex=60}
# Debian 13
::note
🎯 __Goal:__ Install Debian 13 and the main dependencies to have a ready-to-use OS, accessible via SSH.
::

![picture](/img/serveex/server.svg)

## Installation
---

1. [BIOS Setup](https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/ch03s06.en.html#bios-setup)
2. [Download Debian Image](https://www.debian.org/download.en.html)
3. [Create Bootable USB (Rufus)](https://dev.to/devops2808/how-to-create-bootable-usb-installer-for-debian-12-4f66)
4. [Install Debian and Set Up SSH](https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/debian-minimal-server/)
5. Install sudo and add a user to the sudo group for administrative privileges.
    Log in as root:
    ```sh
    su -
    ```
    Enter your password, then type:
    ```sh
    apt install sudo
    ```
    Add the user to the sudo group:
    ```sh
    adduser <username> sudo
    ```

    Next time the user logs in, they will be able to use the `sudo` command to execute commands with administrative privileges.

6. [Everything About Remote Console Access (SSH)](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/ssh-essentials-working-with-ssh-servers-clients-and-keys)
7. Optional - [UPS Client in Case of Power Outage](https://www.sindastra.de/p/2078/how-to-connect-linux-server-to-synology-ups-server) / [also here](https://www.reddit.com/r/synology/comments/gtkjam/use_synology_nas_as_ups_server_to_safely_power/)
8. Optional - Wake up after power outage → configure BIOS S0 state
9. Optional - [Wake Server Remotely (WoW - WoL)](https://dev.to/zakery1369/enable-wake-on-lan-on-debian-4ljd)

## Must-Have CLI Apps
---
Some essential apps you’ll likely need at some point, so might as well install them early:
```sh
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install nano btop ranger git duf neofetch samba cifs-utils tree unzip
```

Additionally:

- [gping](https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/how-to-use-gping-on-linux/) - Graphical ping tool
- [lazydocker](https://github.com/jesseduffield/lazydocker) - CLI Docker container manager

## Useful Features
---
### Firewall

- [ufw](https://www.zenarmor.com/docs/network-security-tutorials/how-to-set-up-a-firewall-with-ufw-on-debian)
- [Firewalld](https://linuxcapable.com/how-to-install-firewalld-on-debian-linux/)

### Samba Sharing (Access a Remote Network Disk)

- [Create and Access a Samba Share](/general/networking/samba)

### File Transfer via rsync

```sh
sudo rsync -avhHSP /source /destination
```
::note

Add ` --exclude @eaDir`{lang=shell} if the source is a Synology NAS
::
