Add an rm confirmation guard article and a ufw guide

content/en/5.nonsense/3.bash/6.rm-confirmation.md

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+---
+title: rm Confirmation Guard
+description: A small Bash function that wraps sudo and asks for confirmation before running rm, so a typo doesn't delete files owned by root.
+---
+
+
+:ellipsis{left=0px width=40rem top=10rem blur=140px zIndex=60}
+
+`rm` doesn't ask twice. No recycle bin, no "are you sure", especially not with `sudo` in front of it, where a stray space or the wrong variable can wipe something you own no permission to double-check. It's the single most destructive habit a terminal builds into you, and the fix doesn't need a new tool, just a few lines in `.bashrc`.
+
+The idea is to shadow the `sudo` command with a Bash function of the same name. Every other use of `sudo` still goes straight through, but the moment the first argument is `rm`, it stops and asks first.
+
+```bash [.bashrc]
+# rm confirmation
+sudo() {
+  if [ "$1" = "rm" ]; then
+    echo -n "Are you sure you want to delete files/folders with sudo? (y/n) "
+    read ans
+    if [[ $ans == [Yy]* ]]; then
+      command sudo rm "${@:2}"
+    else
+      echo "Deletion cancelled."
+    fi
+  else
+    command sudo "$@"
+  fi
+}
+```
+
+## How it works
+
+- `sudo() { ... }` defines a function named `sudo`. Bash looks up functions before it looks up commands on the `PATH`, so typing `sudo` in a terminal now runs this instead of `/usr/bin/sudo`, no alias trickery involved.
+- `if [ "$1" = "rm" ]` only looks at the very first word after `sudo`. `sudo rm -rf /srv/docker/old-stack` matches, `sudo apt update` doesn't.
+- On a match, it prints the question, reads the answer into `$ans`, and `[[ $ans == [Yy]* ]]` accepts `y`, `Y`, `yes`, anything starting with either case of Y.
+- `command sudo rm "${@:2}"` is the part that actually deletes. `command` steps around the function so it doesn't call itself, and `${@:2}` is every argument after `rm`, so `-rf /srv/docker/old-stack` is passed through untouched.
+- Anything that isn't `rm` falls into the `else` and runs exactly as if the function didn't exist: `command sudo "$@"`.
+
+## Installing it
+
+::steps{level="3"}
+### Open your shell config
+
+```bash [Terminal]
+nano ~/.bashrc
+```
+
+### Paste the function
+
+Add the block above at the end of the file, then save and exit.
+
+### Reload it
+
+```bash [Terminal]
+source ~/.bashrc
+```
+
+### Try it
+
+```console [Terminal]
+$ sudo rm -rf /tmp/test
+Are you sure you want to delete files/folders with sudo? (y/n) n
+Deletion cancelled.
+```
+
+Answer `y` and it runs for real. Anything that isn't `rm`, `sudo apt update`, `sudo systemctl restart docker`, goes through without a prompt.
+
+### Done !
+::
+
+::note
+This lives in `~/.bashrc`, so it only applies to your interactive shell, not to scripts, cron jobs, or another user's session. That's the point: it catches you, typing, not a program calling `sudo rm` on purpose.
+::
+
+## What it won't catch
+
+This is a habit-breaker, not a sandbox. It only fires when `rm` is the literal first word after `sudo`, so anything that reaches `rm` a different way skips it entirely:
+
+- `sudo -i rm -rf /` or `sudo su -c "rm -rf /"`, the first argument is `-i` or `su`, not `rm`
+- `sudo bash -c "rm -rf /srv/docker"`, same reason, `rm` is buried inside the string bash runs
+- `sudo find /srv/docker -delete`, deletes just as permanently, and never calls `rm` at all
+- `rm` without `sudo` on files you already own
+
+Real protection against the last category is a proper backup, [Backrest](https://github.com/garethgeorge/backrest) and the [Docker stop script](/nonsense/bash/backrest-docker-stop) covered elsewhere in this section, or otherwise. This function is worth having anyway: the accidents it does catch are the ones that actually happen, a hurried `sudo rm -rf` with a typo in the path, not a deliberate attempt to work around it.