Translation #2
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# Debian 12
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::alert{type="info"}
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🎯 __Objectif :__ Installer Debian 12 et les dépendances principales pour avoir un OS pret à l'emploi, joignable en SSH.
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🎯 __Goal:__ Install Debian 12 and the main dependencies to have a ready-to-use OS, accessible via SSH.
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::
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## Installation
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---
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1. [Paramètrage BIOS](https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/ch03s06.fr.html#bios-setup)
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2. [Téléchargement de l'image Debian](https://www.debian.org/download.fr.html)
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3. [USB bootable (Rufus)](https://dev.to/devops2808/how-to-create-bootable-usb-installer-for-debian-12-4f66)
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4. [Installer Debian et configurer SSH](https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/debian-minimal-server/)
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5. Installer sudo et ajouter un utilisateur au groupe sudo, pour les privilèges administrateurs
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Se connecter en root :
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1. [BIOS Setup](https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/ch03s06.fr.html#bios-setup)
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2. [Download Debian Image](https://www.debian.org/download.fr.html)
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3. [Create Bootable USB (Rufus)](https://dev.to/devops2808/how-to-create-bootable-usb-installer-for-debian-12-4f66)
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4. [Install Debian and Set Up SSH](https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/debian-minimal-server/)
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5. Install sudo and add a user to the sudo group for administrative privileges.
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Log in as root:
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```shell
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su -
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```
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mettre son mot de passe puis taper :
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Enter your password, then type:
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```shell
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apt install sudo
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apt install sudo
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```
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Ajouter l'utilisateur au groupe sudo :
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Add the user to the sudo group:
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```shell
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adduser <nomdutilisateur> sudo
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adduser <username> sudo
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```
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La prochaine fois que l'utilisateur se connectera, il pourra utiliser la commande `sudo` et ainsi executer des commandes avec les privilèges administrateurs.
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Next time the user logs in, they will be able to use the `sudo` command to execute commands with administrative privileges.
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6. [Everything About Remote Console Access (SSH)](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/ssh-essentials-working-with-ssh-servers-clients-and-keys)
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7. Optional - [UPS Client in Case of Power Outage](https://www.sindastra.de/p/2078/how-to-connect-linux-server-to-synology-ups-server) / [also here](https://www.reddit.com/r/synology/comments/gtkjam/use_synology_nas_as_ups_server_to_safely_power/)
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8. Optional - Wake up after power outage → configure BIOS S0 state
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9. Optional - [Wake Server Remotely (WoW - WoL)](https://dev.to/zakery1369/enable-wake-on-lan-on-debian-4ljd)
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6. [Tout savoir sur la connexion à distance à la console (SSH)](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/ssh-essentials-working-with-ssh-servers-clients-and-keys)
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7. Optionnel - [UPS client en cas de coupure](https://www.sindastra.de/p/2078/how-to-connect-linux-server-to-synology-ups-server) / [et aussi](https://www.reddit.com/r/synology/comments/gtkjam/use_synology_nas_as_ups_server_to_safely_power/)
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8. Optionnel - Réveil en cas de coupure de courant -> régler le BIOS S0 state
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9. Optionnel - [Réveiller le serveur à distance (WoW - WoL)](https://dev.to/zakery1369/enable-wake-on-lan-on-debian-4ljd)
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## CLI apps à avoir près de soi
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## Must-Have CLI Apps
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---
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Quelques app que vous utiliserez forcément à un moment donné, autant les installer dès le départ
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Some essential apps you’ll likely need at some point, so might as well install them early:
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```shell
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sudo apt update
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sudo apt upgrade
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sudo apt install vim btop ranger git duf neofetch samba cifs-utils tree unzip ufw
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sudo apt update
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sudo apt upgrade
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sudo apt install vim btop ranger git duf neofetch samba cifs-utils tree unzip ufw
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```
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En plus :
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Additionally:
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- [gping](https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/how-to-use-gping-on-linux/) - Outil graphique de ping
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- [lazydocker](https://github.com/jesseduffield/lazydocker) - Gestion de conteneurs docker en CLI
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- [gping](https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/how-to-use-gping-on-linux/) - Graphical ping tool
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- [lazydocker](https://github.com/jesseduffield/lazydocker) - CLI Docker container manager
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## Fonctions utiles
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## Useful Features
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---
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### Pare-feu
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### Firewall
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- [ufw](https://www.zenarmor.com/docs/network-security-tutorials/how-to-set-up-a-firewall-with-ufw-on-debian)
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- [Firewalld](https://linuxcapable.com/how-to-install-firewalld-on-debian-linux/)
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### Partage Samba (accès à un disque réseau distant)
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- [Créer et accéder à un partage Samba](/generalites/samba)
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### Samba Sharing (Access a Remote Network Disk)
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- [Create and Access a Samba Share](/generalites/samba)
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### Transfert de fichier via rsync
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### File Transfer via rsync
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```shell
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sudo rsync -avhHSP /source /destination
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sudo rsync -avhHSP /source /destination
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```
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::alert{type="info" icon="exclamation-circle"}
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:::list{type="info"}
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- Ajoutez ` --exclude @eaDir`{lang=shell} si la source est un NAS Synology
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- Add ` --exclude @eaDir`{lang=shell} if the source is a Synology NAS
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:::
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::
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